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Scirpus cyperinus (Woolgrass)
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© Étienne Léveillé-Bourret, some rights reserved (CC-BY) · iNaturalist

Scirpus cyperinus

Woolgrass

Eastern North America — from Newfoundland south to Florida and west to Minnesota, in marshes, wet meadows, and pond margins

At a Glance

TypeSedge
FoliageDeciduous
Height36-60 inches (90-150 cm)
Width24-36 inches (60-90 cm)
Maturity2 years

Growing Zones

USDA Hardiness Zones

3 - 9
These zones indicate the coldest temperatures this plant can typically survive.
What's my zone? →
Frost Tolerancehardy

Key Features

Deer Resistant
Native to North America
Maintenancevery low

Overview

Scirpus cyperinus is woolgrass — a tall native bulrush named for its woolly seed heads, growing 36–60 inches (90–150 cm) tall and 24–36 inches (60–90 cm) wide. The common name 'woolgrass' describes the large drooping woolly terminal clusters of reddish-brown to cinnamon seed heads that appear from August through October. The woolly, fuzzy clusters are warm-toned (cinnamon to reddish-brown) — a different color and texture from the typical sedge or grass seed head. Medium green narrow arching foliage. Wet to waterlogged soil — marshes, wet meadows, pond margins. Tolerates standing water. Self-sows in wet conditions. Hardy to zone 3. The warm-toned woolly fall display has high ornamental value among native wetland plants. The genus Scirpus includes the common bulrushes (though many have been reclassified to Schoenoplectus).

Native Range

Scirpus cyperinus is native to eastern North America — from Newfoundland south to Florida and west to Minnesota.

Suggested Uses

Used in wetland restoration, rain gardens, pond margins, and wet meadows. A native bulrush with a warm-toned woolly fall display. Natural stormwater management.

How to Identify

Identified by large drooping woolly reddish-brown to cinnamon terminal seed clusters on a tall grass-like plant in wet conditions. The woolly, fuzzy, warm-toned clusters separate this from other wetland plants — no other commonly grown wetland species produces this texture and color. The 'woolgrass' description is the instant identifier.

Appearance

Size & Dimensions

Height3' - 5'
Width/Spread2' - 3'

Reaches mature size in approximately 2 years

Colors

Flower Colors

Foliage Colors

Fall Foliage Colors

Bloom Information

Bloom Period

~6 weeks
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Woolly seed clusters from August through October, approximately 6 weeks. Reddish-brown to cinnamon. Persist through fall.

Detailed Descriptions

Flower Description

Reddish-brown to cinnamon, in large drooping woolly terminal clusters — the 'woolgrass' appearance

Foliage Description

Medium green, narrow, arching

Growing Conditions

Sun Requirements

Requires 5-10 hours of direct sunlight daily
• Full Sun: 6+ hours of direct sunlight
• Partial Shade: 3-6 hours of direct sunlight
• Full Shade: Less than 3 hours of direct sunlight

Soil Requirements

pH Range5.0 - 7.0(Neutral)
357912
Soil Types
Drainagewet

Water & Climate

Water Needs

High

Frost Tolerance

hardy

Time to Maturity

1-2 years

Care & Maintenance

Care Guide

Plant in full sun to partial shade. Wet to waterlogged soil. Tolerates standing water. Self-sows in wet conditions. Hardy to zone 3.

Pruning

Cut to ground in early spring.

Pruning Schedule

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early spring

Maintenance Level

very low

⚠️ Toxicity Warning

Non-toxic