Rootstock
/ROOT-stok/✂️ Propagation●● Intermediate
Also known as: understock
In grafting, the rootstock (or understock) provides the root system and usually the lower portion of the trunk. Rootstocks are selected for specific traits: dwarfing effect, disease resistance, soil adaptation, cold hardiness, or vigor control. The rootstock significantly influences the size, productivity, and lifespan of the grafted tree.
Etymology
English root + stock (trunk, main stem)
Example
“Apple trees are grafted onto dwarfing rootstock like M.9 to produce compact trees suitable for home orchards.”