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Trachystemon spp.
Abraham-Isaac-Jacob
Overview
Trachystemon is a small genus of about three rhizomatous perennials in the borage family, Boraginaceae, native to the eastern Mediterranean and the Caucasus. T. orientalis, the only species in general cultivation, forms a dense ground cover of large, rough, heart-shaped leaves 8-12 inches (20-30 cm) long on bristly stalks, reaching 12-18 inches (30-45 cm) tall. In early spring, before the leaves expand fully, branched stems carry blue, star-shaped flowers with narrow petals that curve back to expose a central cone of stamens, in the manner of borage. The plant spreads steadily by thick rhizomes to form wide colonies, which makes it useful for covering shaded ground but able to crowd out smaller neighbours. The leaves and young stems are eaten as a cooked vegetable in parts of Turkey. Growth dies back in winter and returns early the following spring. The genus tolerates dry shade once established but can become invasive in moist, fertile soil where it has room to run. The bristly foliage is generally left alone by deer and rabbits.
Native Range
Native to the eastern Mediterranean and Black Sea region, from south-eastern Bulgaria through northern Turkey to the Caucasus, in damp woodland and shaded streambanks.Suggested Uses
Grown as ground cover for shaded banks, woodland edges, and dry shade under trees and shrubs, where its spreading habit fills large areas. Used to stabilise shaded slopes and to suppress weeds.How to Identify
Appearance
Size & Dimensions
Height1' - 1'6"
Width/Spread2' - 3'
Bloom Information
Flowering comes very early, often late winter to mid spring, ahead of the full leaf canopy. The blue flowers are carried in loose sprays and draw early bees. Bloom lasts three to five weeks before the foliage takes over.
Detailed Descriptions
Flower Description
blue with dark stamensFoliage Description
greenGrowing Conditions
Sun Requirements
Tolerates up to 4 hours of direct sunlight daily
• Full Sun: 6+ hours of direct sunlight
• Partial Shade: 3-6 hours of direct sunlight
• Full Shade: Less than 3 hours of direct sunlight