Paulownia, Genus, spp., Multiple species,
- Genus
- Multiple species
empress tree
Overview
Paulownia is a genus of about seven fast-growing deciduous trees in the family Paulowniaceae, native to East Asia and centered in China. Trees reach 30-60 feet (9-18 m) tall with broad, rounded crowns and large, heart-shaped leaves 6-12 inches (15-30 cm) long, or much larger on young coppiced shoots. In early to mid-spring, before the leaves expand, upright panicles of tubular, foxglove-shaped flowers open in shades of violet, lavender, and pale purple, followed by woody egg-shaped capsules holding many winged seeds. Growth is rapid, with young plants extending 6-10 feet (1.8-3 m) in a single season, and the pale wood is lightweight and used for furniture, musical instruments, and plywood. P. tomentosa has naturalized widely and is listed as an invasive species across parts of the eastern United States, where it seeds into disturbed ground and riverbanks. The brittle wood, suckering roots, and heavy seed production are drawbacks in small or managed landscapes.
Native Range
East Asia, with most species native to China and some extending to Korea, Laos, and Vietnam. P. tomentosa has naturalized in Japan, Europe, and North America.Suggested Uses
Paulownia is grown as a fast shade tree, as a timber and biomass crop, and in coppiced plantings for oversized ornamental foliage. Its rapid growth is used for quick screening, though its spread limits its use near natural areas in regions where it has naturalized.How to Identify
Appearance
Size & Dimensions
Height30' - 60'
Width/Spread30' - 40'
Bloom Information
Flowers open in early to mid-spring, generally April to May, before or as the leaves emerge. The upright clusters of tubular violet to lavender flowers are fragrant and draw bees. Flowering depends on overwintering buds, so blooms can be lost in regions with hard late-winter freezes.
Detailed Descriptions
Flower Description
Violet, lavender, and pale purpleFoliage Description
GreenGrowing Conditions
Sun Requirements
Requires 6-12 hours of direct sunlight daily
• Full Sun: 6+ hours of direct sunlight
• Partial Shade: 3-6 hours of direct sunlight
• Full Shade: Less than 3 hours of direct sunlight
