Compaction
/kom-PAK-shun/🪨 Soil Types●● Intermediate
Also known as: soil compaction
The process by which soil particles are pressed closer together, reducing the volume of air-filled pore space. Compacted soil has poor drainage, limited root penetration, reduced microbial activity, and increased surface runoff. Compaction is caused by foot traffic, heavy machinery, working wet soil, and rain impact on bare ground. Clay soils are particularly susceptible. Prevention includes using mulch, designated paths, and avoiding work on saturated soil.
Etymology
Latin compactus (joined together), from compingere (to fasten together)
Example
“Never work clay soil when it is wet — this destroys its structure and creates severe compaction that takes years to remedy.”