Platanthera spp.
bog orchids
Temperate and subarctic Northern Hemisphere
Overview
Platanthera spp. is a genus of about 100 to 200 terrestrial orchids in the family Orchidaceae, known as bog orchids, fringed orchids, and rein orchids. Plants grow from fleshy tuberous or finger-like roots and send up a single leafy stem 4-40 inches (10-100 cm) tall depending on species. The leaves are smooth, oval to lance-shaped, and clasp the stem, often with one or two large basal leaves. Flowers are borne in a slender spike and range from green and white to yellow, with each flower bearing a backward-pointing nectar spur, and in the fringed species the lip is deeply cut into thread-like segments. Flower size ranges from 0.2 to 1.5 inches (0.5-4 cm) across. The genus is native to temperate and subarctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere, with many species in North America, Europe, and Asia, typically in bogs, wet meadows, fens, and moist woodland. Most species depend on specific soil fungi to germinate and on moths or other long-tongued insects for pollination, which makes them difficult to transplant or cultivate. Many species are uncommon or legally protected, and populations decline where wetlands are drained or disturbed.
Native Range
Platanthera spp. is native to temperate and subarctic regions across the Northern Hemisphere, including North America, Europe, and Asia. Species grow in bogs, fens, wet meadows, and moist forests, with North America holding a large share of the genus, including P. ciliaris in the eastern United States.Suggested Uses
Grown mainly in bog gardens, native plant collections, and wetland restoration rather than general borders. The genus is studied and observed in the wild as part of native orchid conservation. Plants suit permanently moist, undisturbed sites.How to Identify
Appearance
Size & Dimensions
Height4" - 3'4"
Width/Spread4" - 1'
Bloom Information
Flowering occurs from late spring through summer, generally May to August depending on species and latitude. Spikes carry few to many flowers that open over 2-4 weeks. Many species are night-scented and release fragrance after dusk to attract moth pollinators.
Detailed Descriptions
Flower Description
green, white, or yellowFoliage Description
greenGrowing Conditions
Sun Requirements
Requires 3-6 hours of direct sunlight daily
• Full Sun: 6+ hours of direct sunlight
• Partial Shade: 3-6 hours of direct sunlight
• Full Shade: Less than 3 hours of direct sunlight