Eremochloa ophiuroides

Centipede Grass

At a Glance

TypeGrass
FoliageDeciduous
Height3-6 inches (8-15 cm)
WidthIndefinite (stoloniferous)
Maturity1 years

Growing Zones

USDA Hardiness Zones

8 - 10
These zones indicate the coldest temperatures this plant can typically survive.
Frost Tolerancehardy

Key Features

Maintenancevery low

Overview

Eremochloa ophiuroides is a warm-season, stoloniferous perennial grass in the Poaceae family, growing 3–6 inches (8–15 cm) tall in mowed turf, forming a dense, medium-textured sod by above-ground stolons. Leaf blades are flat, 0.1–0.2 inch (3–5 mm) wide, light to medium green, with a blunt, rounded tip — unlike the pointed tips of bermudagrass and zoysiagrass. Leaf sheaths are compressed and flattened, overlapping in a distinctive shingled pattern along the stolon — giving the stolons a segmented, centipede-like appearance that accounts for the common name. Stolons are thick, flattened, green to straw-coloured, rooting at short nodes spaced 1–2 inches (2.5–5 cm) apart. The inflorescence is a single, spike-like raceme 1.5–3 inches (4–8 cm) long, rising 3–6 inches (8–15 cm) above the canopy. The species requires minimal fertilisation — excess nitrogen (above 2 pounds per 1,000 square feet / 100 g/m² per year) causes thatch buildup, iron chlorosis, and increased susceptibility to disease. It thrives in acidic soils (pH 4.5–6.0) and declines rapidly in alkaline conditions above pH 7.0, developing severe iron chlorosis. Introduced to the United States from southeastern China in 1916. Adapted to the southeastern US from eastern Texas to the Carolinas. Does not tolerate sustained temperatures below 15°F (-9°C) — not suitable for the Pacific Northwest. Susceptible to ground pearls (Margarodes spp.), a scale insect with no effective chemical control, and to nematodes in sandy soils.

Native Range

Eremochloa ophiuroides is native to southeastern China and parts of Southeast Asia, where it occurs in open grasslands and disturbed habitats at low to moderate elevations. Introduced to the United States in 1916 by plant explorer Frank N. Meyer.

Suggested Uses

Planted as a low-maintenance lawn in the southeastern United States (zones 7b–10) on acidic, sandy to loamy soils. The low fertiliser and mowing requirements reduce management inputs and costs — the basis for the common name "lazy man's grass." Used for residential lawns, parks, roadsides, and cemeteries. Not suitable for heavy traffic areas (lower wear tolerance than bermudagrass). Not suitable for the Pacific Northwest or northern states.

How to Identify

Identified by the flattened, shingled stolons with a segmented, centipede-like appearance, blunt-tipped light green leaf blades, and the single spike-like seed head. Distinguished from bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) by the wider, blunt-tipped leaves and the single (not multiple) seed head. Distinguished from St. Augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum) by the narrower leaves and the thinner, more segmented stolons.

Appearance

Size & Dimensions

Height3" - 6"
Width/Spread1' - 3'

Reaches mature size in approximately 1 years

Colors

Flower Colors

Foliage Colors

Fall Foliage Colors

Bloom Information

Bloom Period

~12 weeks
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
A single spike-like raceme 1.5–3 inches (4–8 cm) long emerges from June through September, rising above the mowed canopy on a slender stalk. Seed production is limited — the species spreads primarily by stolons. In maintained turf, mowing suppresses seed head formation.

Detailed Descriptions

Flower Description

Green to straw

Foliage Description

Light to medium green

Growing Conditions

Sun Requirements

Requires 5-10 hours of direct sunlight daily
• Full Sun: 6+ hours of direct sunlight
• Partial Shade: 3-6 hours of direct sunlight
• Full Shade: Less than 3 hours of direct sunlight

Soil Requirements

pH Range4.5 - 6.0(Acidic)
357912
Soil Types
Drainagewell drained

Water & Climate

Water Needs

Low

Frost Tolerance

hardy

Time to Maturity

1 season from plugs

Drought Tolerance

Drought tolerant when established

Care & Maintenance

Care Guide

Establish from sod, plugs, or seed (seed germinates slowly, taking 14–28 days at 70–85°F / 21–29°C). Space plugs 6–12 inches (15–30 cm) apart for full coverage in one growing season. Mow at 1.5–2 inches (4–5 cm) every 10–14 days. Fertilise sparingly: 0.5–1 pound of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet (25–50 g/m²) per year — over-fertilisation is the most common management error and causes thatch, chlorosis, and decline. Maintain soil pH between 4.5 and 6.0; apply sulfur if pH rises above 6.5. Do not apply lime. Water only during extended drought; the species is moderately drought-tolerant. Ground pearl infestation has no chemical control — prevent by maintaining healthy turf and avoiding stress. Zones 7b–10 only.

Pruning

Mow at 1.5–2 inches (4–5 cm) every 10–14 days during active growth. Do not scalp or mow below 1 inch (2.5 cm). De-thatch if thatch exceeds 0.5 inch (12 mm), typically every 3–4 years. Vertical mowing in late spring (after full green-up) is the preferred de-thatching method.

Maintenance Level

very low

⚠️ Toxicity Warning

Non-toxic
Eremochloa ophiuroides (Centipede Grass) - Identification & Care Guide | PlantRef